INTELLIGENCE FAILURES THE TURKISH CASE

This volume is a challenge to sum up a simple intellectual adventure that began as a typical academic affair, stemming from a European Union project, intended to build up a little educational bridge between Europe and Turkey. The initial project was transformed into a new research study that lasted ten years. I have selected some of the things I discovered and learned. First of all, I had to deal with the necessity to understand some of the worst geo- political failures of our time. In 2008, the European project was focused on the Europeanization of Turkey, seen as the greatest example of spontaneous Westernization in culture and civilization. Nowadays Turkey seems to some observers the greatest example of spontaneous de-Westernization, an immense failure, aggravated and surrounded by many other Middle Eastern failures, where millions of people have been killed and trillions of dollars have been lost, robbed to medicine, education, infrastructures, and civilization. Finally, there have been rumors regarding Western subversive attempts against the Turkish political leadership. An unsuccessful attempt is an obvious failure. Not to attempt, but to leave the heavy suspicion that Western governments were responsible for wretched interventions, is an even greater failure. I have listed the first major failures, but there are many more.